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Cancer-associated antigens and antigen arrays in serological diagnostics of malignant tumors

P V Belousov1, D V Kuprash, A Yu Sazykin

  • 1Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia. belous_p@rambler.ru

Biochemistry. Biokhimiia
|July 9, 2008
PubMed

The appearance of antibodies to cancer-associated antigens in biological fluids (particularly, in blood sera) of cancer patients is now a well-established fact, and their detection by immunochemical methods is a promising approach to diagnostics of malignant neoplasms. In this review, we consider some immunobiological aspects of the most extensively studied cancer-associated B-cell antigens, various applications of autoantibodies as cancer biomarkers, and prospects for the use of antigen arrays for improving diagnostic sensitivity.

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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.