The pharyngoesophageal segment in laryngectomees--videoradiographic, acoustic, and voice quality perceptual data

This study aimed to relate the results of physiological measurements of the pharyngoesophageal (PE) segment in subjects using tracheoesophageal (TE) or esophageal (E) speech with perceptual assessment of the speakers' voice quality and acoustic measurements of the voice function. It further aimed to investigate possible differences in appearance and placement of the voice source between TE and E speakers. Nine subjects who had undergone a laryngectomy (five TE speakers and four E speakers) participated in the study. They were videoradiographically examined during phonation and silence. Measurements were made of size and placement of the PE segment, the distance between the PE segment and the anterior wall, and the distance between the posterior and anterior esophageal walls beneath the segment. Five trained listeners perceptually assessed the subjects' voice quality, and acoustical analyses of fundamental frequency and sound pressure level were made. The physiological measurements of the nine subjects' individual PE segments varied in terms of appearance and placement during both phonation and silence, but all of the subjects showed a good closure at the PE segment level during phonation. Statistically significant results were found between all of the physiological measurements of the PE segment. Significant results were also found between the acoustical and perceptual assessments of the subjects' voices. No relations were found between the physiological measurements and the acoustic and perceptual results. The conclusion of this study was that there were no specified differences in the PE segment between TE speakers and E speakers, but that there were large individual differences within each speaker group.