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Related Concept Videos

Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
Toxoplasmosis01:28

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, poses significant public health challenges globally due to its high seroprevalence and varied clinical manifestations. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, but felids are its only definitive hosts, shedding unsporulated oocysts into the environment. Humans typically acquire the infection through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat or oocysts from...
American Trypanosomiasis01:22

American Trypanosomiasis

Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, is a vector-borne parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a flagellated protozoan (kinetoplastid) of the family Trypanosomatidae. The disease is endemic in Latin America, although cases are increasingly reported worldwide due to human migration. Transmission most commonly occurs when feces of infected triatomine bugs contaminate bite wounds or mucosal surfaces; additional routes include congenital, transfusional, transplant-related, and oral...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...

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Superior Auto-Identification of Trypanosome Parasites by Using a Hybrid Deep-Learning Model
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Tropical parasitic lung diseases.

V K Vijayan1

  • 1Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India. vijayanvk@hotmail.com

The Indian Journal of Chest Diseases & Allied Sciences
|July 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Parasitic lung diseases, once confined to tropics, are now global due to travel and rising immunocompromised populations. This review covers recent advances in understanding, diagnosing, and treating these infections.

Area of Science:

  • Tropical medicine
  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious diseases

Background:

  • Parasitic lung diseases are increasingly reported globally, extending beyond tropical regions.
  • Factors contributing to this spread include globalization, international travel, and a rise in immunocompromised individuals.
  • The emergence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), immunosuppressive drug use, and organ transplantation have renewed interest in these diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent developments in the pathogenesis of parasitic lung diseases.
  • To outline current diagnostic approaches for parasitic lung infections.
  • To summarize contemporary management strategies for both common and rare parasitic lung diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on parasitic lung diseases.

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  • Synthesis of information on pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management.
  • Focus on common and rare parasitic lung infections.

    • Main Results:

    • Increased global reporting of parasitic lung diseases.
    • Identification of key contributing factors such as travel and immunosuppression.
    • Comprehensive overview of current knowledge on pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • Parasitic lung diseases represent a growing global health concern.
    • Advances in understanding pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management are crucial.
    • Continued research and awareness are needed to address these infections effectively.