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Bentonite aids virus transmission.

C E Yarwood1

  • 1Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.

Virology
|March 1, 1966
PubMed
Summary

Bentonite clay affects plant virus transmission differently depending on the virus and host plant. This soil amendment can either increase or decrease the spread of viruses like tomato ringspot virus and tobacco necrosis virus.

Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Virology
  • Soil Science

Background:

  • Plant viruses are often transmitted through mechanical inoculation.
  • Bentonite, a clay mineral, is known to influence virus transmission.
  • Different plant viruses and host species may interact uniquely with bentonite.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of bentonite on the transmission efficiency of various plant viruses.
  • To determine how host plant species and virus type influence bentonite's role in transmission.

Main Methods:

  • Crude sap containing specific plant viruses (tomato ringspot virus, cucumber mosaic virus, tobacco necrosis virus) was prepared.
  • Varying concentrations of bentonite (0.1-1%) were added to the inoculum.
  • Inoculum was applied to different host plants (bean, cucumber, cowpea, sugar beet) to assess transmission rates.

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Main Results:

  • Bentonite increased tomato ringspot virus transmission to bean but decreased it to cucumber and cowpea.
  • Transmission of cucumber mosaic virus to cowpea was reduced from young cucumber but increased from old cucumber and sugar beet.
  • Bentonite decreased tobacco necrosis virus transmission between most tested hosts but increased it from sugar beet.

Conclusions:

  • Bentonite's effect on plant virus transmission is highly variable and depends on the specific virus-host combination.
  • Bentonite can be essential for transmitting certain virus strains or mutants.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for managing plant virus diseases.