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Related Concept Videos

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:17

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Lower respiratory tract disorders present challenges that often require skilled and nuanced approaches for effective management. Common ailments, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have prompted the development of intricate treatment strategies involving bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, each tailored to ease breathing and revitalize the lungs.
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Acute Respiratory Failure-V01:29

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

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Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
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Smoking Cessation

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Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
14:39

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Published on: November 4, 2010

Therapeutic possibilities for diffuse panbronchiolitis.

H Kobayashi1, N Ohgaki, H Takeda

  • 1Kyorin University School Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
|November 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

14-membered macrolides, like clarithromycin, effectively treat diffuse panbronchiolitis by disrupting Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. This improves patient outcomes by targeting persistent bacterial infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Pulmonology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Diffuse panbronchiolitis is a biofilm disease associated with persistent Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.
  • Historically, 5-year survival rates were low (37% in 1982), but have improved with macrolide treatment.
  • The mechanism of macrolide efficacy in diffuse panbronchiolitis remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of macrolides on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.
  • To understand the mechanism behind macrolide's clinical success in diffuse panbronchiolitis.

Main Methods:

  • An in vitro model of P. aeruginosa biofilm was established on Teflon.
  • The efficacy of various antibiotics, including macrolides, against the biofilm was assessed.
  • P. aeruginosa adherence to murine tracheal cells was evaluated after clarithromycin treatment.

Main Results:

  • Meropenem, ciprofloxacin, tosufloxacin, and cefoperaxone were ineffective against biofilm bacteria.
  • Ciprofloxacin combined with azithromycin or clarithromycin eradicated bacteria within the biofilm.
  • Clarithromycin disrupted the biofilm structure and reduced bacterial adherence to host cells.

Conclusions:

  • 14-membered macrolides, particularly clarithromycin, demonstrate potent anti-biofilm activity against P. aeruginosa.
  • Macrolides may exert their beneficial effects in diffuse panbronchiolitis by increasing biofilm permeability.
  • These findings provide a potential explanation for the clinical effectiveness of macrolides in treating this condition.