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Related Experiment Videos

Mumps outbreak in a highly vaccinated population.

B S Hersh1, P E Fine, W K Kent

  • 1Division of Immunization, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30033.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|August 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

A 1988-1989 mumps outbreak in Kansas revealed that while most cases occurred in vaccinated students, two doses of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine significantly reduced risk, suggesting improved vaccination schedules are key.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Mumps outbreaks can occur in highly vaccinated populations.
  • Understanding vaccine effectiveness is crucial for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the factors contributing to a mumps outbreak in Douglas County, Kansas.
  • To assess mumps vaccine effectiveness and identify risk factors for vaccine failure.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of mumps cases during an outbreak (October 1988-April 1989).
  • Analysis of vaccination status, age at vaccination, vaccine type, and number of doses.
  • Calculation of attack rates and vaccine effectiveness.

Main Results:

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  • 269 mumps cases occurred, with 77.3% in vaccinated students.
  • Junior high students had the highest attack rates.
  • Two doses of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine were associated with significantly lower risk compared to one dose (RR=5.2).
  • Overall mumps vaccine effectiveness was estimated at 83%.

    • Conclusions:

    • Mumps vaccine failure and incomplete vaccination contributed to the outbreak.
    • A two-dose MMR vaccination schedule is recommended to reduce mumps resurgence.
    • Public health policies should emphasize two-dose vaccination for highly vaccinated populations.