Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Classification of Bones01:18

Classification of Bones

The bones of the human skeletal system are of varied shapes, sizes, and functions. They can be classified based on their shape and function into four major classes: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Some classifications include a fifth type, the sesamoid bones, as a separate class, whereas others categorize them under short bones.
Long and Short Bones
The appendicular skeleton, particularly the upper and lower limbs, is primarily made of long and short bones. The long...
Gross Anatomy of Bone01:17

Gross Anatomy of Bone

The two main features of a long bone are the diaphysis and the epiphysis.
The diaphysis is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone. The walls of the diaphysis are composed of dense and hard compact bone made of numerous osteons — the functional unit of the compact bone. The hollow region in the diaphysis is called the medullary cavity, which harbors the bone marrow. In infants and children, this marrow cavity is filled with red marrow, whereas in adults, it...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Preclinical Evaluation of an Interactive Image Search System of Oral Pathology.

Journal of dental research·2025
Same author

Association of Periodontitis with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults.

JAR life·2024
Same author

Identification of lenvatinib prognostic index via recursive partitioning analysis in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

ESMO open·2021
Same author

A multi-centre, retrospective case series of oocyte cryopreservation in unmarried women diagnosed with haematological malignancies.

Human reproduction open·2021
Same author

Immunological inflammatory biomarkers as prognostic predictors for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

ESMO open·2021
Same author

Publisher Correction: A weak topological insulator state in quasi-one-dimensional bismuth iodide.

Nature·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Modeling Primary Bone Tumors and Bone Metastasis with Solid Tumor Graft Implantation into Bone
06:53

Modeling Primary Bone Tumors and Bone Metastasis with Solid Tumor Graft Implantation into Bone

Published on: September 9, 2020

Differential diagnosis between osteomyelitis and bone tumors.

S Shimose1, T Sugita, T Kubo

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan. shimose@hiroshima-u.ac.jp

Acta Radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987)
|July 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary

The penumbra sign on MRI and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels are key indicators for diagnosing osteomyelitis, helping to differentiate it from bone tumors. These findings aid in accurate medical diagnosis and treatment planning.

More Related Videos

Models of Bone Metastasis
08:49

Models of Bone Metastasis

Published on: September 4, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Modeling Primary Bone Tumors and Bone Metastasis with Solid Tumor Graft Implantation into Bone
06:53

Modeling Primary Bone Tumors and Bone Metastasis with Solid Tumor Graft Implantation into Bone

Published on: September 9, 2020

Models of Bone Metastasis
08:49

Models of Bone Metastasis

Published on: September 4, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Oncology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Hematogenous osteomyelitis diagnosis is challenging due to non-specific clinical and overlapping radiological features with bone tumors.
  • The penumbra sign, a T1-weighted MRI finding of granulation tissue around an abscess, shows promise in differentiating subacute osteomyelitis.
  • Distinguishing osteomyelitis from bone tumors is critical for appropriate patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify reliable findings for differentiating osteomyelitis from bone tumors.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of the penumbra sign and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of laboratory and imaging findings in 244 patients with suspected bone tumors.
  • Analysis included 15 cases of osteomyelitis, 160 bone tumors, and 69 tumor-like lesions.
  • Assessment of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and the presence of the penumbra sign on MRI.

Main Results:

  • The penumbra sign was observed in 11 of 15 osteomyelitis cases (73.3% sensitivity).
  • Elevated CRP levels were noted in 9 osteomyelitis patients.
  • The penumbra sign was present in only 2 non-osteomyelitis cases (99.1% specificity), while high CRP was seen in 21 patients with tumors or tumor-like lesions.

Conclusions:

  • The penumbra sign and elevated CRP levels are valuable indicators supporting an osteomyelitis diagnosis.
  • These findings can assist clinicians in excluding bone tumors, leading to more accurate diagnoses.
  • Improved differentiation aids in timely and appropriate treatment strategies for bone infections and tumors.