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Updated: Jul 3, 2026
Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmark Annotation Demonstration on Human Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans
Published on: September 8, 2023
Three-dimensional accuracy of measurements made with software on cone-beam computed tomography images
Manuel O Lagravère1, Jason Carey, Roger W Toogood
1Orthodontic Graduate Program, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. mlagravere@yahoo.com
Introduction:
The purpose of this article was to evaluate the accuracy of measurements made on 9- and 12-in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images compared with measurements made on a coordinate measuring machine (CMM), which is the gold standard.
Methods:
Ten markers were placed on a synthetic mandible, and landmark coordinates and linear and angular measurements were determined with the CMM. Three-dimensional CBCT images, measuring 9 and 12 in, were taken of the mandible with a CBCT machine (NewTom 3G, Aperio Services, Verona, Italy), and landmark coordinates and linear and angular measurements were obtained with AMIRA (Mercury Computer Systems, Berlin, Germany) software.
Results:
The coordinate intrareliability correlation coefficient was almost perfect between the 3-dimensional CBCT images and the CMM measurements. With the Student t test, we found no significant statistical difference between linear and angular measurements from the CMM and the NewTom 3G images, which differed less than 1 mm and 1 degrees , respectively.
Conclusions:
The NewTom 3G produces a 1-to-1 image-to-reality ratio.
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