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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Mouse Body Temperature Measurement Using Infrared Thermometer During Passive Systemic Anaphylaxis and Food Allergy Evaluation
04:34

Mouse Body Temperature Measurement Using Infrared Thermometer During Passive Systemic Anaphylaxis and Food Allergy Evaluation

Published on: September 14, 2018

Food allergies: detection and management.

Kurt Kurowski1, Robert W Boxer

  • 1Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA. Kurt.Kurowski@rosalindfranklin.edu

American Family Physician
|July 16, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Family physicians diagnose immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergies and identify non-allergic symptoms. Key allergens include eggs, milk, soy, wheat, peanuts, crustaceans, tree nuts, and fish, with diagnosis confirmed by food challenges.

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Family Medicine
  • Clinical Diagnosis

Background:

  • Family physicians are crucial for diagnosing food allergies and differentiating them from other conditions.
  • Common allergens vary by age, with eggs, milk, soy, wheat, and peanuts frequent in children, and crustaceans, tree nuts, peanuts, and fish in adults.
  • Oral allergy syndrome presents with localized, transient symptoms, distinct from systemic anaphylactic reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the role of family physicians in diagnosing and managing immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergies.
  • To review common food allergens and diagnostic testing methods.
  • To provide guidance on treatment and emergency management of food allergies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of common food allergens and their prevalence in different age groups.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic tests including skin-prick tests, radioallergosorbent tests, and double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges.
  • Discussion of treatment strategies, including allergen avoidance and emergency medication.

Main Results:

  • Skin-prick and radioallergosorbent tests show approximately 85% sensitivity but variable specificity (30-60%).
  • Intradermal testing is not recommended for initial evaluation due to high false-positive rates and adverse reaction risks.
  • The double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge is the gold standard for confirming food allergy diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of food allergies relies on a combination of clinical suspicion, appropriate testing, and patient history.
  • Allergen avoidance is the cornerstone of management.
  • Prompt administration of epinephrine is critical for anaphylactic reactions, with antihistamines useful for milder symptoms.