Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diphtheria01:28

Diphtheria

Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...
Investigation of Disease Outbreaks01:23

Investigation of Disease Outbreaks

Multistate foodborne outbreaks pose significant public health risks and require meticulous investigation to identify sources and implement control measures. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) utilizes a dynamic seven-step process for these investigations, integrating data from laboratories, interviews, and environmental assessments to protect public health.Outbreak Detection: The detection of multistate outbreaks typically begins with PulseNet, the CDC's national laboratory...
Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Microbiome of the Eye01:22

Microbiome of the Eye

The human eye has a specialized microbiota that reflects its unique anatomical and immunological environment. This low-biomass microbial community predominantly colonizes the conjunctiva and eyelid margins, playing a vital role in ocular surface homeostasis and defense. Despite its proximity to the richly colonized facial skin, the ocular surface maintains a distinct microbial profile due to continuous mechanical and biochemical defense mechanisms.The conjunctival surface hosts fewer microbial...
Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Muscle Strains: Prevention and Treatment.

The Physician and sportsmedicine·2016
Same author

The Cell Surface Glycoprotein of Haloarcula japonica TR-1.

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry·2016
Same author

Hip arthroscopy.

Surgical technology international·2015
Same author

Halorubrum kocurii sp. nov., an archaeon isolated from a saline lake.

International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology·2008
Same author

Aquisalibacillus elongatus gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium of the family Bacillaceae isolated from a saline lake.

International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology·2008
Same author

Sediminibacillus halophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, Gram-positive bacterium from a hypersaline lake.

International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology·2008
Same journal

Side Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy.

Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc·2026
Same journal

Avascular Necrosis (Aseptic Osteonecrosis).

Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc·2026
Same journal

Adjunctive Hyperbaric Oxygen in the Treatment of Thermal Burns.

Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc·2026
Same journal

Principles for the Design, Validation, and Acceptance of Decompression Procedures.

Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc·2026
Same journal

A Non-Invasive Gas Exchange Monitor To Assess Swimming-Induced Pulmonary Edema.

Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc·2026
Same journal

Dive Injury and Jellyfish Sting Case Study.

Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Induction of Ocular Surface Inflammation and Collection of Involved Tissues
06:38

Induction of Ocular Surface Inflammation and Collection of Involved Tissues

Published on: August 4, 2022

Conjunctivitis outbreak among divers.

D J Olsson1, W D Grant, J M Glick

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, 750 E. Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.

Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine : Journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc
|July 16, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A scuba diving trip in Fiji led to a conjunctivitis outbreak. A communal mask container likely spread the infection among divers, highlighting risks associated with shared equipment.

More Related Videos

Conjunctival Commensal Isolation and Identification in Mice
07:52

Conjunctival Commensal Isolation and Identification in Mice

Published on: May 1, 2021

Microbiological Rapid On-Site Evaluation for Pulmonary Infectious Diseases
03:22

Microbiological Rapid On-Site Evaluation for Pulmonary Infectious Diseases

Published on: March 1, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Induction of Ocular Surface Inflammation and Collection of Involved Tissues
06:38

Induction of Ocular Surface Inflammation and Collection of Involved Tissues

Published on: August 4, 2022

Conjunctival Commensal Isolation and Identification in Mice
07:52

Conjunctival Commensal Isolation and Identification in Mice

Published on: May 1, 2021

Microbiological Rapid On-Site Evaluation for Pulmonary Infectious Diseases
03:22

Microbiological Rapid On-Site Evaluation for Pulmonary Infectious Diseases

Published on: March 1, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • An outbreak of conjunctivitis occurred among scuba divers in Fiji in March 2006.
  • The outbreak involved 29 individuals over six days, with 14 confirmed cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the transmission of conjunctivitis among scuba divers.
  • To identify the likely vector responsible for spreading the infection.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical assessment by a physician diagnosed conjunctivitis.
  • Case tracking and follow-up surveys were used to document transmission.
  • Investigation focused on the role of a communal diving mask container.

Main Results:

  • Fourteen cases (46.7%) of conjunctivitis were documented among the divers.
  • The index case was identified as the dive master.
  • The communal mask container was identified as the likely vector for transmission.

Conclusions:

  • Communal diving equipment can facilitate the spread of infectious conjunctivitis.
  • This represents the first documented outbreak of conjunctivitis linked to shared diving gear.
  • Prompt medical intervention and disinfection were employed to control the outbreak.