Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 3, 2026
07:58
Nephrotoxin Microinjection in Zebrafish to Model Acute Kidney Injury
Published on: July 17, 2016
Malaria and acute kidney injury
Saroj K Mishra1, Bhabani Shankar Das2
1Internal Medicine, Ispat General Hospital, Orissa, India..
Seminars in Nephrology
|July 16, 2008
Summary
Severe malaria can cause acute kidney injury (AKI), a serious complication with high mortality. Prompt treatment with antimalarials and supportive care improves outcomes for patients with malaria-induced AKI.
Area of Science:
- Tropical Medicine
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Malaria is a significant global health issue, particularly in tropical regions.
- Severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria can lead to acute kidney injury (AKI), a life-threatening complication.
- AKI in severe malaria, though rare (<1%), carries a high mortality rate (up to 45%) and is more prevalent in adults.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the clinical presentation, pathogenesis, and management of acute kidney injury in severe malaria.
- To highlight the importance of early diagnosis and intervention for improving patient prognosis.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical manifestations of malaria-induced AKI, including proteinuria, azotemia, and metabolic acidosis.
- Discussion of pathological findings such as acute tubular necrosis and glomerulonephropathy.
- Outline of recommended management strategies for malaria-induced AKI.
Main Results:
- Renal involvement in severe malaria ranges from mild proteinuria to severe azotemia.
- Acute tubular necrosis and mild proliferative glomerulonephropathy are the predominant renal lesions.
- Patients with malaria-induced AKI typically do not progress to chronic kidney disease.
Conclusions:
- Malaria-induced AKI is a severe complication requiring prompt management.
- Treatment involves appropriate antimalarials, fluid-electrolyte balance, and renal replacement therapy.
- Diuretics should be avoided in the management of malaria-induced AKI.
Related Concept Videos
01:22Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction
Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
01:30Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
01:29Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
01:29Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
01:20Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
01:22Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...