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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

$Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Refractive Index or Mass Spectrometric Detection for Metabolite Profiling in Lysate-based Cell-free Systems$

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Published on: September 23, 2021

Two pathways for lysophosphatidic acid production.

Junken Aoki¹, Asuka Inoue, Shinichi Okudaira

¹Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan. jaoki@mail.pharm.tohoku.ac.jp

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta

|July 16, 2008

Summary

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling, mediated by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), impacts various physiological and pathological processes. A specific pathway involving phospholipase A1 (PLA1) and the P2Y5 receptor is crucial for hair growth.

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Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Biochemistry
Molecular Biology

Background:

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a phospholipid that mediates cell biology through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).
LPA receptors (LPA1-5, GPR87, P2Y5) are classified into EDG and P2Y families.
LPA signaling is implicated in diverse conditions, including brain development, pain, fibrosis, radiation injury, implantation, and hair growth.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the roles of LPA and its receptors in physiological and pathological states.
To investigate the pathways of LPA production, particularly focusing on phospholipase A (PLA)-mediated synthesis.
To understand the specific mechanism of hair growth regulation by LPA and its receptors.

Main Methods:

Review of recent studies on gene-targeting mice and family diseases related to LPA receptors.
Analysis of LPA production pathways, including autotaxin (ATX) and phospholipase A (PLA) enzymes.
Focus on the role of PA-selective PLA1 (mPA-PLA1alpha/LIPH) in hair follicle biology.

Main Results:

LPA signaling through receptors LPA1-5, GPR87, and P2Y5 influences numerous biological processes.
Autotaxin (ATX) is a key enzyme for LPA production in serum, involved in various pathologies.
A specific pathway involving mPA-PLA1alpha/LIPH in hair follicles produces LPA, activating the P2Y5 receptor for hair growth.

Conclusions:

LPA signaling is a critical regulator of diverse physiological and pathological functions.
Distinct pathways exist for LPA synthesis, with ATX prominent in serum and PLA enzymes in cellular contexts.
The mPA-PLA1alpha/LIPH-LPA-P2Y5 axis represents a novel mechanism essential for hair growth.