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Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Pupillary Response as Assessment of Effective Seizure Induction by Electroconvulsive Therapy
Published on: April 11, 2019
Group therapy for patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a pilot study
J J Barry1, D Wittenberg, K D Bullock
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. jbarry@stanford.edu
Abstract:
Great advances have been made in the diagnosis of people with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) since the advent of video/EEG monitoring. However, treatment options for this population have lagged significantly. This pilot study was undertaken to evaluate whether group therapy done with a psychodynamic focus would offer a useful intervention. Twelve patients entered the study and seven completed at least 75% of the 32 weekly sessions. The Beck Depression Inventory and the Global Severity Index of the Symptom Checklist-90 showed improvement as well as an overall decrease in PNES frequency. The data suggest that group therapy focusing on interpersonal issues may benefit patients with PNES.
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