Risk factors associated with mortality of infections caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: a systematic review

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J I Garcia Paez1, S F Costa

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.

The Journal of Hospital Infection
|July 16, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Infections by S. maltophilia have high mortality. Key risk factors include underlying conditions like hematological disease in cancer patients and intensive care unit admission.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) infections are associated with significant mortality.
  • Identifying risk factors for S. maltophilia-related mortality is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and assess the literature on risk factors for mortality in S. maltophilia infections.
  • To identify patient characteristics and clinical conditions associated with increased mortality.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic search of PubMed and OVID databases was conducted from March 1985 to March 2008.
  • Included studies focused on S. maltophilia infection, mortality risk factors, patient characteristics, and outcomes.
  • Thirty-eight studies were identified, with limited multivariate and univariate analyses.

Main Results:

  • S. maltophilia infections demonstrate high mortality rates.
  • Independent risk factors for mortality include underlying hematological disease in cancer patients and ICU admission.
  • In bloodstream infections and pneumonia, shock, thrombocytopenia, and high APACHE scores are significant.
  • Organ dysfunction is the sole independent predictor of death in sulfamethoxazole-resistant S. maltophilia infections.

Conclusions:

  • Mortality risk in S. maltophilia infections is linked to initial patient condition and type.
  • Further research is needed on the impact of antimicrobial therapy and central venous catheter removal on mortality.

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