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Visual Agnosia

Visual Agnosia

Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round end"...

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Prosopagnosia

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Vision

Vision

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Visual System

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
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Motor Areas
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

Filling in at partially deafferented visual cortex.

D P Alvarenga¹, M F Couto, V F Pessoa

¹Neuroscience and Behavior Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Brasilia University, 70910900, Brasilia, Brazil. oftalmop@terra.com.br

The British Journal of Ophthalmology

|July 16, 2008

Summary

Visual filling-in is faster in the corresponding areas of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis scotomas. This suggests neural mechanisms similar to those after somatosensory cortex deafferentation may be involved.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Ophthalmology
Visual Perception

Background:

Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis can cause retinal scotomas, leading to visual field defects.
The phenomenon of visual filling-in, where the brain compensates for missing visual information, is not fully understood in pathological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate perceptual visual filling-in in the corresponding areas of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis scotomas.
To compare filling-in speeds in scotoma-affected areas with control points.

Main Methods:

Studied 14 patients with toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis.
Programmed targets to appear within the scotoma corresponding area in the fellow eye.
Used two control points for comparison.

Main Results:

Perceptual filling-in latencies were significantly faster (p<0.0001) in the scotoma corresponding area.
Demonstrated facilitated visual filling-in within the affected retinal areas.

Conclusions:

Perceptual filling-in is facilitated at the corresponding areas of retinal scotomas.
Neural mechanisms underlying this visual facilitation may resemble those observed after somatosensory cortex partial deafferentation.