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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota

The human gut microbiome includes a diverse array of microbial species, including beneficial commensals and opportunistic pathogens, which interact to support host health. These microbes contribute to essential functions such as nutrient metabolism, immune system modulation, and maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity. However, disruptions to this equilibrium—referred to as dysbiosis—can have widespread physiological consequences.Dysbiosis is often characterized by reduced microbial...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Investigating Intestinal Barrier Breakdown in Living Organoids
07:18

Investigating Intestinal Barrier Breakdown in Living Organoids

Published on: March 26, 2020

Intestinal barrier dysfunction in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Michael A McGuckin1, Rajaraman Eri, Lisa A Simms

  • 1Mucosal Diseases Program, Mater Medical Research Institute, University of Queensland, Aubigny Place, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. mmcguckin@mmri.mater.org.au

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
|July 16, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) may stem from improper gut immune responses to microbes. Epithelial barrier dysfunction is an understudied factor that could initiate intestinal inflammation.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Investigating Intestinal Barrier Breakdown in Living Organoids
07:18

Investigating Intestinal Barrier Breakdown in Living Organoids

Published on: March 26, 2020

Injections of Lipopolysaccharide into Mice to Mimic Entrance of Microbial-derived Products After Intestinal Barrier Breach
08:24

Injections of Lipopolysaccharide into Mice to Mimic Entrance of Microbial-derived Products After Intestinal Barrier Breach

Published on: May 2, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) involve complex host-microbial interactions in the gut.
  • A critical epithelial barrier normally separates gut microbes from host tissues.
  • The role of barrier dysfunction in IBD etiology is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the components and regulation of the gut barrier.
  • To examine the barrier's role in preventing intestinal inflammation using animal models.
  • To discuss evidence of barrier dysfunction in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of barrier components, regulation, and immune interactions.
  • Analysis of animal models demonstrating epithelial defects causing inflammation.
  • Synthesis of evidence for barrier dysfunction in human IBD.

Main Results:

  • The gut barrier comprises cellular and secreted components crucial for immune homeostasis.
  • Animal models show genetic epithelial defects can trigger inflammation independently of immune status.
  • Evidence suggests barrier dysfunction is implicated in both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

Conclusions:

  • Epithelial barrier dysfunction is a significant, potentially primary, factor in IBD pathogenesis.
  • Understanding barrier mechanisms offers new therapeutic targets for IBD.
  • Further research into barrier integrity is essential for unraveling IBD etiology.