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Pathogenic rotaviruses isolated from pigs and calves.

G N Woode

    Ciba Foundation Symposium
    |January 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Rotavirus causes diarrhea in calves and pigs, and isolates from different species can infect pigs. Virulence was maintained through laboratory passages and adaptation.

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    Virology·1994

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Virology
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Rotavirus is a common cause of diarrhea in young animals.
    • Understanding rotavirus infectivity and virulence is crucial for animal health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the infectivity and virulence of rotavirus isolates in gnotobiotic calves and pigs.
    • To determine if rotavirus strains can be differentiated by host infectivity and antigenic properties.

    Main Methods:

    • Inoculation of gnotobiotic calves and pigs with rotavirus isolates from calves and pigs.
    • Passaging of calf rotavirus in gnotobiotic calves, including purification steps.
    • Testing infectivity of rotavirus from various hosts (humans, calves, pigs, foals) in pigs.

    Main Results:

    • Rotavirus isolates from calves and pigs caused diarrhea and illness in gnotobiotic animals.
    • Calf rotavirus retained virulence after multiple passages and purification.
    • Rotavirus isolates from humans, calves, pigs, and foals were infectious to pigs, but separable by host and antigen.
    • Main lesions in calves and pigs included small intestinal epithelial cell loss and villus stunting.
    • Passive antibody protection was poor; colostral antibody protection waned rapidly.

    Conclusions:

    • Rotavirus infectivity and virulence are host-specific, despite shared antigens.
    • Intestinal lesions and poor passive immunity contribute to disease severity.
    • Further investigation is needed on the role of co-infecting viruses.

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