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Leishmaniasis01:30

Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease caused by species of the genus Leishmania and transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies. The parasite exists in two principal morphological forms during its life cycle. A sandfly acquires intracellular amastigotes from an infected reservoir host, such as a dog. Within the sandfly, these forms differentiate into motile, flagellated promastigotes. During a subsequent blood meal, promastigotes are injected into the human host, where they...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...

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Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
05:39

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Published on: May 16, 2025

[Lúpus erythematosus].

Manuela Ferreira1, Ana Bárbara Salgueiro, João Estrada

  • 1Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos, Hospital de Dona Estefânia, Lisboa.

Acta Medica Portuguesa
|July 16, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in a teenager presented with severe pneumonia and kidney issues. Early diagnosis and treatment of this autoimmune condition are crucial for managing its complex symptoms.

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Published on: November 1, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Autoimmune Diseases
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder affecting multiple organs.
  • Characterized by inflammation and autoantibodies, SLE diagnosis can be challenging, especially in pediatric cases.
  • Previous symptoms included arthritis, fever, and fatigue, preceding acute presentation.

Observation:

  • A case report of a Black teenager presenting with a history of arthritis, fever, and asthenia.
  • Admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) with bilateral Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia, complicated by pleural effusion, generalized edema, and macroscopic hematuria.

Findings:

  • Diagnostic studies confirmed active SLE, polyserositis, nephrotic proteinuria, lupus nephritis class IV, and severe anemia.
  • The patient experienced symptomatic hypertension and a tonic-clonic seizure during admission.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the critical presentation of SLE in adolescents, mimicking infectious processes.
  • Prompt management with steroids, antihypertensives, and anticonvulsants is vital for stabilizing patients with severe SLE complications.