Plaque biology: interesting science or pharmacological treasure trove?

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Science
• Vascular Biology
• Translational Medicine

Background:

• Atherosclerotic plaque destabilization is a key driver of ischemic syndromes.
• Significant progress has been made in understanding plaque evolution over the past two decades.
• Numerous therapeutic targets and biomarkers for vascular disease have been identified.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review local and systemic factors in atherosclerotic disease progression and plaque destabilization.
• To discuss the current therapeutic strategies for atherosclerotic disease.
• To explore the potential for targeted plaque modification therapies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent advances in atherosclerosis research.
• Analysis of in vitro, animal, and clinical studies.
• Synthesis of information on disease mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

• Despite promising preclinical data, clinical translation of plaque modification therapies has been limited.
• Local and systemic factors significantly influence disease progression and plaque vulnerability.
• Biomarkers show potential for monitoring disease activity and treatment response.

Conclusions:

• Targeted plaque modification holds therapeutic promise but faces clinical challenges.
• A comprehensive understanding of disease drivers is crucial for effective intervention.
• Future research should focus on bridging the gap between preclinical findings and clinical practice for atherosclerosis treatment.