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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

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Environment-sensitive and enzyme-sensitive MR contrast agents.

Manuel Querol1, Alexei Bogdanov

  • 1S2-808 Department of Radiology, UMASS Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. manuel.querolsans@umassmed.edu

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Magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agents, primarily paramagnetic chelates, can be designed to sense changes in the body. These agents respond to metal cations, pH, and enzyme activity by altering their relaxivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Imaging
  • Radiochemistry
  • Molecular Imaging

Background:

  • Paramagnetic chelates are the predominant class of approved MR contrast agents.
  • These molecules possess inherent sensitivity to in vivo microenvironmental changes.
  • Contrast agents can be engineered as enzyme substrates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review MR contrast agent designs for sensing applications.
  • To highlight agents sensitive to metal cations, pH, and enzymatic activity.
  • To explain how microenvironmental changes affect relaxivity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on MR contrast agent design.
  • Categorization of agents based on sensing capabilities.
  • Analysis of the relationship between molecular design and relaxivity.

Main Results:

  • Various designs of MR contrast agents enable sensing of specific analytes.
  • Relaxivity is modulated by changes in the microenvironment.
  • Agents can be tailored to respond to metal cations, pH, and enzymatic activity.

Conclusions:

  • MR contrast agents offer versatile platforms for molecular sensing in vivo.
  • Design strategies allow for targeted detection of biological parameters.
  • Sensing contrast agents hold potential for advanced diagnostics.