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Heart Valves

Heart Valves

The human heart is a complex organ with an intricate system of valves that regulate blood flow. There are two main types of valves: atrioventricular (AV) valves and semilunar valves.
The AV valves prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria during ventricular contraction. These valves function with the assistance of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. When the ventricles are relaxed, the chordae tendineae are slack, allowing blood to flow from the atria into the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Combining 3D-Printing and Electrospinning to Manufacture Biomimetic Heart Valve Leaflets

Combining 3D-Printing and Electrospinning to Manufacture Biomimetic Heart Valve Leaflets

Published on: March 23, 2022

Tissue engineering lamb heart valve leaflets.

C K Breuer¹, T Shin'oka, R E Tanel

¹Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.

Biotechnology and Bioengineering

|June 5, 1996

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created tissue-engineered lamb heart valve leaflets using autologous cells and biodegradable scaffolds. The engineered valves showed promising function and structure, resembling native tissue after implantation in lambs.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Tissue Engineering
Cardiovascular Surgery

Background:

Heart valve disease necessitates advanced regenerative therapies.
Tissue engineering offers a promising alternative to traditional valve replacements.
Developing functional, biocompatible heart valve scaffolds is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To construct and evaluate tissue-engineered lamb heart valve leaflets.
To assess the integration and function of engineered leaflets in a lamb model.

Main Methods:

Autologous myofibroblasts and endothelial cells were seeded onto polyglycolic acid and polylactic acid scaffolds.
Engineered leaflets were cultured for tissue core formation and endothelialization.
Implants were surgically placed in lamb pulmonary valves under cardiopulmonary bypass.

Main Results:

Successful formation of tissue-engineered leaflets with cellular infiltration and tissue core development.
Post-implantation echocardiography revealed competent valve function with minimal stenosis and regurgitation.
Histological analysis confirmed engineered leaflets closely mimicked native valve tissue structure.

Conclusions:

Tissue-engineered heart valve leaflets demonstrate feasibility and potential for clinical application.
The combination of autologous cells and biodegradable scaffolds yields functional cardiac tissue.
This approach represents a significant advancement in regenerative medicine for cardiovascular applications.