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Related Concept Videos

Signal Transduction: Overview01:26

Signal Transduction: Overview

Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. They respond to chemical signals, such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling molecules, initiating a series of molecular reactions to produce an appropriate response. This is called signal transduction. Cells also coordinate different responses elicited by the same signaling molecule via mediators, allowing molecular cross-talk.
Typically, signal transduction involves three...
Intracellular Signaling Cascades01:24

Intracellular Signaling Cascades

Once a ligand binds to a receptor, the signal is transmitted through the membrane and into the cytoplasm. The continuation of a signal in this manner is called signal transduction. Signal transduction only occurs with cell-surface receptors, which cannot interact with most components of the cell, such as DNA. Only internal receptors can interact directly with DNA in the nucleus to initiate protein synthesis. When a ligand binds to its receptor, conformational changes occur that affect the...
Intracellular Signaling Cascades01:24

Intracellular Signaling Cascades

Once a ligand binds to a receptor, the signal is transmitted through the membrane and into the cytoplasm. The continuation of a signal in this manner is called signal transduction. Signal transduction only occurs with cell-surface receptors, which cannot interact with most components of the cell, such as DNA. Only internal receptors can interact directly with DNA in the nucleus to initiate protein synthesis. When a ligand binds to its receptor, conformational changes occur that affect the...
Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors01:27

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade01:22

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze the...
Transducer Mechanism: G Protein–Coupled Receptors01:30

Transducer Mechanism: G Protein–Coupled Receptors

G Protein–Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to various stimuli. GPCRs regulate critical physiological pathways and are excellent drug targets for treating diseases such as diabetes, cancer, obesity, depression, or Alzheimer's. Nearly 35% of approved drugs implement their therapeutic effects by selectively interacting with specific GPCRs.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Databases to Efficiently Manage Medium Sized, Low Velocity, Multidimensional Data in Tissue Engineering
09:43

Databases to Efficiently Manage Medium Sized, Low Velocity, Multidimensional Data in Tissue Engineering

Published on: November 22, 2019

TRANSPATH--a high quality database focused on signal transduction.

Claudia Choi1, Mathias Krull, Alexander Kel

  • 1BIOBASE GmbH, Halchtersche Strasse 33, Wolfenbüttel 38304, Germany. cch@biobase.de

Comparative and Functional Genomics
|July 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

TRANSPATH is a comprehensive database and network analysis tool for signal transduction pathways. It aids in identifying potential drug targets by analyzing gene expression data and reconstructing molecular interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Bioinformatics
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Signal transduction pathways are crucial for cellular communication and function.
  • Understanding these complex networks is essential for identifying disease mechanisms and therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce TRANSPATH, a integrated database and analytical tool for signal transduction.
  • To facilitate the exploration and analysis of molecular interactions within signaling networks.

Main Methods:

  • Manual data extraction from primary literature, focusing on experimentally validated reactions.
  • Integration of transcription factor-gene relations from the TRANSFAC database.
  • Development of PathwayBuilder for network visualization and ArrayAnalyzer for gene expression data interpretation.

Main Results:

  • TRANSPATH provides a curated encyclopedia of signal transduction data.
  • The system enables network analysis, visualization, and identification of key regulatory molecules.
  • A quality value is assigned to reactions based on experimental evidence and physiological relevance.

Conclusions:

  • TRANSPATH serves as a valuable resource for both general information and in-depth network analysis of signal transduction.
  • Its modular design supports pathway reconstruction and the identification of potential drug targets.
  • The integration of diverse data types enhances the understanding of complex biological signaling.