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Related Concept Videos

Recombinant DNA01:09

Recombinant DNA

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Recombinant DNA01:09

Recombinant DNA

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Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.

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Recombineering Homologous Recombination Constructs in Drosophila
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Creating porcine biomedical models through recombineering.

Margarita M Rogatcheva1, Laurie A Rund, Kelly S Swanson

  • 1Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.

Comparative and Functional Genomics
|July 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Genomic advancements and reverse genetics enable the creation of tailored animal models by linking genotype to phenotype. This approach, utilizing technologies like recombineering, moves beyond traditional models for biological system dissection.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Animal Modeling
  • Genetic Engineering

Background:

  • Genomic information is now available for various mammalian species, including traditional models and emerging candidates like pigs and cattle.
  • Enabling technologies such as transgenesis and animal cloning offer novel experimental approaches to study complex biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and define the concept of reverse genetics as a method for creating relevant animal models.
  • To explain how genomics, classical genetics, and reverse genetics converge to define genetic model organisms.
  • To highlight the utility of phenotypic maps and advanced genetic engineering techniques in understanding phenotypic diversity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing genomic information to create custom animal models, a process termed reverse genetics (genotype to phenotype).
  • Employing phenotypic maps and quantitative trait loci (QTL) to understand allelic variation and phenotypic diversity.
  • Leveraging bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) contigs for targeted chromosomal region characterization.
  • Applying recombineering, gene-targeted homologous recombination, and nuclear transfer (NT) technology for genetic modification.

Main Results:

  • Reverse genetics allows for the functional analysis of genes and prediction of phenotypes, overcoming limitations of naturally occurring models.
  • Phenotypic maps in domesticated species reveal how genetic variations contribute to observable traits.
  • Advanced techniques like recombineering combined with homologous recombination and NT can generate genetically modified animal clones.

Conclusions:

  • The integration of genomics and reverse genetics provides a powerful framework for developing sophisticated genetic models.
  • Investigating genetic variation through phenotypic mapping and advanced engineering techniques deepens our understanding of biological complexity.
  • The ability to create genetically modified animals through these integrated approaches opens new avenues for biological research.