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The influence of wave reflection on left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients is modified by age and

Yoshio Matsui1, Joji Ishikawa, Kazuo Eguchi

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan. y.matsui@ninus.ocn.ne.jp

Hypertension Research : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension
|July 18, 2008
PubMed

Insights

The link between arterial stiffness and heart structure in hypertension differs by age and sex. Younger males showed a significant association, unlike older individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • A positive association between augmentation index (AIx) and left ventricular mass (LVM) is known in hypertensive patients.
  • The influence of age and gender on this AIx-LVM relationship is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how age and gender modify the association between carotid AIx and LVM in treated hypertensive individuals.
  • To clarify the relationship between arterial stiffness and cardiac remodeling across different demographic groups.

Main Methods:

  • Arterial tonometry and echocardiography were performed on 512 treated hypertensive patients.
  • Participants were stratified by gender and age (younger/older than 65 years).
  • Univariable and multivariable regression models assessed correlations between carotid AIx and echocardiographic indices.

Main Results:

  • Carotid AIx showed age-dependent patterns in females, increasing until age 60 and then decreasing.
  • A positive correlation between carotid AIx and LVM index was observed in younger females and males (univariable analysis).
  • This positive correlation remained significant in younger males (multivariable analysis), but was absent in older groups. Older subjects showed a negative correlation between AIx and relative wall thickness.

Conclusions:

  • The association between carotid AIx and LVM is significantly present only in younger hypertensive males.
  • Age-related changes in AIx and LVM may explain the lack of association in older hypertensive individuals.
  • Gender and age are critical factors influencing the relationship between arterial stiffness and cardiac structure in hypertension.

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