An extremely rare bifurcation pattern of the caudal abdominal aorta: case report demonstrated by angiography

Area of Science:

• Vascular Anatomy
• Embryology
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• The abdominal aorta typically bifurcates into two common iliac arteries.
• Variations in aortic bifurcation are uncommon but clinically significant.
• Understanding congenital vascular anomalies is crucial for surgical planning.

Observation:

• A rare bifurcation pattern of the caudal abdominal aorta was identified in a male patient.
• The anomaly involved the early origin of the right external iliac artery and a separate bifurcation for the right internal iliac and left common iliac arteries.
• The median sacral artery originated from this anomalous bifurcation.

Findings:

• Detailed description of a unique congenital anomaly of the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries.
• Documentation of the high origin of the right external iliac artery and separate branching of right iliac vessels.
• Identification of the median sacral artery's origin at the anomalous bifurcation.

Implications:

• This anomaly presents unique challenges and considerations for endovascular and surgical interventions in the pelvic vasculature.
• Awareness of this rare pattern is essential for interventional radiologists and vascular surgeons to avoid complications.
• The findings contribute to the understanding of rare congenital vascular variations and their embryological basis.