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Evaluation of a Universal Nested Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Detection of Lyssaviruses

Evaluation of a Universal Nested Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Detection of Lyssaviruses

Published on: May 2, 2019

Rabies in the Mongolian steppes.

A D Botvinkin¹, D Otgonbaatar, S Tsoodol

¹Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, Russia. botvinkin@irkutsk.ru

Developments in Biologicals

|July 19, 2008

Summary

Rabies virus (RABV) in Mongolia is primarily linked to its steppes, with wolves and foxes as key reservoirs. Genetic analysis reveals Mongolian RABV belongs to the "steppe" phylogenetic clade, distinct from arctic-like viruses found in eastern regions.

Area of Science:

Veterinary Science
Virology
Epidemiology

Background:

Rabies in Mongolia has historically been associated with steppe and forest-steppe landscapes.
The primary wildlife reservoirs for rabies virus (RABV) in Mongolia are wolves, red foxes, and corsac foxes.
Fox rabies has been documented in Mongolia since the early 1960s, with wild animals frequently causing human infections.

Purpose of the Study:

To genetically characterize rabies virus (RABV) isolates from Mongolia.
To compare Mongolian RABV isolates with those from surrounding regions, including Russia and China.
To understand the phylogenetic relationships of RABV within the Mongolian steppe ecosystem.

Main Methods:

Sequencing of four RABV isolates from western Mongolia.

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Phylogenetic analysis of the obtained sequences.

Comparison with existing RABV isolate data from Russia, China, and other countries.

Main Results:

The majority of reported rabid animals in Mongolia (1996-2004) were cattle (over 80%).
Wild animals, particularly wolves and foxes, were significant sources of human rabies exposure.
Mongolian RABV isolates clustered within the "steppe" phylogenetic clade, consistent with viruses found across Eurasia.
RABV isolates from the eastern Mongolian steppes (Chita region, Russia) belonged to a distinct arctic-like group.

Conclusions:

Mongolian rabies virus strains are phylogenetically linked to the widespread "steppe" clade.
Distinct RABV lineages exist in different geographic and ecological zones within the broader steppe region.
Further research into rabies epidemiology and genetic diversity in Mongolia is warranted.