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Characterization of oligomers induced by inverse agonists of CTLA-4

Wendy A Teft1, Joaquín Madrenas

  • 1The FOCIS Centre for Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapeutics, Robarts Research Institute, and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5K8.

Immunology Letters
|July 19, 2008
PubMed

Although cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) inhibits T cell activation when ligated by B7 molecules on antigen-presenting cells, it can also act as an activating receptor when binding certain soluble recombinant ligands known as inverse agonists. Following ligation with an inverse agonist, we observed CTLA-4 microclusters evenly distributed on the T cell surface over a 60-min period. We have previously shown that the inverse agonist properties of these ligands correlate with their capacity to induce the formation of large CTLA-4 oligomers that are distinctly different from those resulting by CTLA-4 engagement with membrane-bound B7. These oligomers are composed of CTLA-4 molecules expressed on the cell surface and decrease from both the soluble cell lysate and lipid rafts upon cellular fractionation. Formation of these inverse agonist-induced CTLA-4 oligomers does not require an intact actin cytoskeleton. However, modulation of these oligomers was partially blocked upon actin depolymerization. Retention of CTLA-4 oligomers on the cell surface correlated with enhanced T cell signaling. Together, our data further characterize the structural basis of inverse agonist properties for CTLA-4 ligands that may be used in the design and screening of therapeutic biologicals targeting this receptor.

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