Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per minute.

Dysrhythmias I: Introduction

Dysrhythmias I: Introduction

Dysrhythmias refers to abnormalities in the heart's rhythm. They result from disruptions in the heart's electrical conduction system, which includes the sinoatrial(SA)node, atrioventricular(AV) node, the bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers.Definition and PathophysiologyDysrhythmias result from disorders of impulse formation, impulse conduction, or both. The heart contains specialized cells in the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, and the bundle of His and Purkinje fibers...

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Worldwide pacemaker and defibrillator reuse: Systematic review and meta-analysis of contemporary trials.

Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE·2018

Same author

No major role for rare plectin variants in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy.

PloS one·2018

Same author

Validation of the MB-LATER score for prediction of late recurrence after catheter-ablation of atrial fibrillation.

International journal of cardiology·2018

Same author

Epicardial Fat Distribution Assessed with Cardiac CT in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy.

Radiology·2018

Same author

Optimizing Mastery Learning Environments: A New Approach to Deliberate Practice for Simulation-based Learning.

AEM education and training·2018

Same author

Association of Body Mass Index With Intracardiac Left Atrial Voltage in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation.

JACC. Clinical electrophysiology·2018

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Rat Model of Right-Sided Cardiac Remodeling and Arrhythmia Using Pulmonary Artery Banding

Rat Model of Right-Sided Cardiac Remodeling and Arrhythmia Using Pulmonary Artery Banding

Published on: August 30, 2024

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia.

Palaniappan Muthappan¹, Hugh Calkins

¹Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases

|July 19, 2008

Summary

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is an inherited heart condition affecting the right ventricle. It is caused by desmosomal dysfunction and managed primarily by considering ICD implantation.

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Genetics
Pathology

Background:

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is an inherited cardiomyopathy.
Characterized by ventricular arrhythmias and right ventricular (RV) structural abnormalities.
Results from progressive fatty and fibrous tissue replacement of RV myocardium.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current understanding of Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD).
To highlight the role of desmosomal dysfunction in ARVD.
To discuss current management considerations and future therapeutic directions.

Main Methods:

Review of recent evidence and literature on ARVD.
Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms.
Evaluation of current diagnostic and management strategies.

More Related Videos

Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography

Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography

Published on: October 28, 2020

Dual-Dye Optical Mapping of Hearts from RyR2R2474S Knock-In Mice of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

Dual-Dye Optical Mapping of Hearts from RyR2^R2474S Knock-In Mice of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

Published on: December 22, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Rat Model of Right-Sided Cardiac Remodeling and Arrhythmia Using Pulmonary Artery Banding

Rat Model of Right-Sided Cardiac Remodeling and Arrhythmia Using Pulmonary Artery Banding

Published on: August 30, 2024

Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography

Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography

Published on: October 28, 2020

Dual-Dye Optical Mapping of Hearts from RyR2R2474S Knock-In Mice of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

Dual-Dye Optical Mapping of Hearts from RyR2^R2474S Knock-In Mice of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

Published on: December 22, 2023

Main Results:

ARVD prevalence estimated at 1 in 5000 in the US.
ARVD is confirmed as a disease of desmosomal dysfunction.
Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation is a key management consideration.

Conclusions:

Catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) is palliative, not curative for ARVD.
Current management focuses on ICD implantation to reduce sudden death risk.
Advances in understanding ARVD pathophysiology will likely lead to targeted future treatments.