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In vitro Mutagenesis01:16

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A study of TMV ts mutant Ni2519. I. Complementation experiments.

M E Taliansky1, T I Atabekova, I B Kaplan

  • 1Department of Virology and A. N. Belazersky Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow 117234, USSR.

Virology
|April 30, 1982
PubMed
Summary

A novel Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) mutant, Ni2519, exhibits temperature-sensitive (ts) properties in both virus assembly and infection spread. Its assembly defect stems from ts genomic RNA, not protein, identifying a new class of ts virion RNA mutants.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Plant Pathology

Background:

  • Temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants are crucial for dissecting viral functions.
  • Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) assembly and cell-to-cell transport are essential for infection.
  • Understanding the genetic basis of these functions aids in viral disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the temperature-sensitive (ts) defects in TMV mutant Ni2519.
  • To determine the molecular basis for the ts phenotype in virus assembly and infection spread.
  • To investigate the potential for complementation of these ts functions.

Main Methods:

  • Complementation assays using temperature-resistant TMV strains (A14, DEMV) and a coat protein mutant (Ni118).
  • Analysis of virus assembly and genomic RNA production at permissive and non-permissive temperatures.
  • Helper virus-mediated complementation to assess the transport function of Ni2519.

Main Results:

  • Ni2519 assembly is temperature-sensitive (ts) and cannot be complemented by other TMV strains.
  • Ni2519 can donate functional coat protein to complement a ts coat protein mutant (Ni118).
  • The ts assembly defect in Ni2519 is attributed to its genomic RNA, not viral proteins, indicating a novel class of ts virion RNA mutants.
  • The cell-to-cell transport function of Ni2519 is complementable by a helper virus, suggesting infection spread occurs in a non-virion form.

Conclusions:

  • TMV mutant Ni2519 represents a novel class of mutants with temperature-sensitive (ts) virion RNA affecting virus assembly.
  • The cell-to-cell spread of Ni2519 infection is independent of its ts assembly defect and can be rescued by a helper virus.
  • These findings provide new insights into the distinct genetic controls of TMV assembly and transport functions.