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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Clinical Application of Single-Surgeon, Three-Port, Laparoscopic Resection for Colorectal Cancer with Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction
08:26

Clinical Application of Single-Surgeon, Three-Port, Laparoscopic Resection for Colorectal Cancer with Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction

Published on: March 24, 2023

Conversion during laparoscopic surgery: frequency, indications and risk factors.

Lee Richstone1, Casey Seideman, Lauren Baldinger

  • 1North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, New Hyde Park, New York 11040, USA. lrichsto@yahoo.com

The Journal of Urology
|July 19, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...

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Laparoscopic surgery conversion rates vary by procedure, with vascular injury being the most common reason. Conversion frequency decreases with increased surgical experience and case volume.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background:

  • Limited data exist on open conversion rates during laparoscopic surgery.
  • Quantifying conversion frequency and understanding trends over time are crucial.
  • Identifying risk factors for conversion is poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze indications for open conversion during laparoscopic surgery.
  • To quantify conversion frequency across various procedures.
  • To assess trends in conversion rates over time and identify associated risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of 2,128 laparoscopic operations performed between 1993 and 2005.
  • Analysis included radical nephrectomy, simple nephrectomy, partial nephrectomy, donor nephrectomy, pyeloplasty, nephroureterectomy, and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Clinical Application of Single-Surgeon, Three-Port, Laparoscopic Resection for Colorectal Cancer with Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction
08:26

Clinical Application of Single-Surgeon, Three-Port, Laparoscopic Resection for Colorectal Cancer with Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction

Published on: March 24, 2023

  • Clinicopathological features of converted versus non-converted patients were compared.

    • Main Results:

    • Overall conversion rate was 3.3% (68 of 2,128 patients).
    • Nephroureterectomy had the highest conversion rate (8.49%), while pyeloplasty had the lowest (0.33%).
    • Vascular injury (38.5%) was the leading indication for conversion, followed by margin concerns (13.5%) and bowel injury (13.5%). Conversion rates decreased significantly with time, inversely related to case volume and experience.

    Conclusions:

    • Laparoscopic surgery conversion rates are procedure-dependent and essential for patient counseling.
    • Vascular injury is the primary indication for conversion.
    • Conversion frequency is dynamic, influenced by cumulative experience and case volume.