Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Establishment and Validation of a Rat Model of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Associated with Pulmonary Fibrosis
Published on: May 23, 2025
Pulmonary hypertension in chronic renal failure patients
Saeed Abdelwhab1, Samah Elshinnawy
1Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. profsaeed11@gmail.com
Background/Aims:
Pulmonary hypertension (PHT) has been reported to be high among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. This study evaluated PHT in ESRD patients and the role of arteriovenous fistula (AVF), thromboxane B(2) (TXB(2)) and pro-BNP in this complication.
Methods:
45 ESRD patients on regular hemodialysis (HD) (group 1) and 31 ESRD patients on conservative treatment (group 2) underwent clinical and biochemical testing. Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) was evaluated using Doppler echocardiography. Cardiac assessment by echocardiography and AVF flow measurement by Doppler ultrasound were done. Levels of TXB(2) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in plasma were determined.
Results:
PHT was found in 44.4% in group 1 and in 32.3% in group 2. Comparing the two groups shows a significant difference with regard to PAP, proBNP, and TXB(2). Patients with PHT have a significantly higher AVF blood flow, proBNP, and TXB(2). In patients with PHT, 76.7% have left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD). PAP correlates with AVF flow, proBNP, and TXB(2).
Conclusions:
Results show a high prevalence of PHT among patients with ESRD on chronic HD or on conservative treatment. PHT in such patients is related to AVF flow, TXB(2) and NT-proBNP level and LVDD. AVF flow is an important correctable cause of PHT.
Related Concept Videos
Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure
Oxygen therapy is vital in increasing and maintaining blood oxygen levels in PAH patients. As a result, it aids in reducing fatigue, improving...
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers
TKIs, such as imatinib (Gleevec), are particularly effective in tackling the growth and mitogenic factors that become upregulated in PAH patients. These factors contribute to the...
Dialysis
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
