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The new tumor suppressor genes ING: genomic structure and status in cancer

Damien Ythier1, Delphine Larrieu, Christian Brambilla

  • 1Molecular Bases of Lung Cancer Progression, INSERM U823, Institut Albert Bonniot, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, 38706 Cedex, France.

International Journal of Cancer
|July 19, 2008
PubMed

Insights

The Inhibitor of Growth 1 (ING1) gene, a tumor suppressor, is often lost in human cancers, suggesting epigenetic involvement. ING proteins regulate apoptosis and senescence, crucial in tumor suppression.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • The Inhibitor of Growth 1 (ING1) gene is a Type-II tumor suppressor gene.
  • Four additional ING gene family members have been identified.
  • ING proteins possess a nuclear localization sequence and a plant homeo domain finger motif.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current knowledge on ING protein functions and signaling pathways.
  • To review ING protein status in human tumors.
  • To discuss the role of ING proteins in tumor initiation and progression.

Main Methods:

  • Homology search for ING family members.
  • Review of existing literature on ING protein expression in human tumors.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways involving ING proteins, including apoptosis and senescence.

Main Results:

  • ING1 expression is frequently lost or downregulated in human tumors, often at the RNA level.
  • Epigenetic mechanisms may be involved in the downregulation of ING1.
  • ING proteins are implicated in critical tumor suppressor pathways like apoptosis and senescence.

Conclusions:

  • ING proteins play a significant role in tumor suppressor pathways.
  • Altered ING protein expression is a common feature in human cancers.
  • ING proteins hold potential as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

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