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Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
Published on: September 5, 2017
Epidemiology of urogenital tuberculosis worldwide
Andre Avarese Figueiredo1, Antonio Marmo Lucon, Renato Falci Junior
1Division of Urology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil. andreavaresef@gmail.com
Objectives:
To characterize the epidemiology of urogenital tuberculosis worldwide and to compare the features of patients from developing countries to those from developed countries.
Methods:
A comprehensive search of articles published up to April 2008 using a combination of the terms 'tuberculosis', 'genitourinary', 'renal' and 'urogenital' was performed.
Results:
Urogenital tuberculosis affects more men than women (2:1), with a mean age of 40.7 years (range 5-90). In 26.9% of cases there is a non-functioning unilateral kidney and in 7.4%, renal failure. Patients from developing countries are more likely to have a delayed diagnosis with a higher frequency of renal failure, unilateral non-functioning kidney, ablative surgery and contracted bladder.
Conclusions:
Urogenital tuberculosis is a worldwide disease with more destructive behavior in developing countries where urgent strategies for early detection are particularly warranted.
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