Intrathoracic migration of ventriculoperitoneal shunt: a case report

Area of Science:

• Neurosurgery
• Pediatric Surgery
• Thoracic Surgery

Background:

• Ventriculoperitoneal shunts are used to treat hydrocephalus.
• Intrathoracic migration of these shunts is a rare but serious complication.
• Migration can occur via transdiaphragmatic or supradiaphragmatic routes, leading to significant respiratory distress.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a case of intrathoracic ventriculoperitoneal shunt migration.
• To highlight the diagnostic and management challenges.
• To emphasize the suitability of the transdiaphragmatic surgical approach.

Main Methods:

• A case of a 7-year-old female with shunt migration to the left hemithorax is presented.
• The patient initially presented with symptoms suggestive of pneumonia.
• Surgical intervention involved a left thoracotomy for transdiaphragmatic shunt removal.

Main Results:

• Ventriculoperitoneal shunt migration was diagnosed in the left hemithorax.
• Successful surgical removal of the migrated shunt was achieved.
• The transdiaphragmatic approach facilitated the surgical procedure.

Conclusions:

• Intrathoracic migration of ventriculoperitoneal shunts requires urgent surgical intervention.
• The transdiaphragmatic surgical approach is considered easier and more suitable for shunt removal.
• Prompt surgical management is crucial to alleviate respiratory symptoms and prevent further complications.