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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System IV: CMRI01:21

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System IV: CMRI

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Making MR Imaging Child's Play - Pediatric Neuroimaging Protocol, Guidelines and Procedure
15:18

Making MR Imaging Child's Play - Pediatric Neuroimaging Protocol, Guidelines and Procedure

Published on: July 30, 2009

CE-MRA in paediatric patients.

Günther Schneider1, Peter Fries, Angelika Lindinger

  • 1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, 66421 Homburg Saar, Germany. ragsne@uniklinik-saarland.de

European Radiology
|July 19, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) is a valuable tool for diagnosing pediatric vascular disease. This article details CE-MRA techniques and applications in children, including time-resolved methods.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Pediatric Radiology
  • Vascular Disease Diagnostics

Background:

  • Contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) is a standard diagnostic tool for adult vascular disease.
  • Its application in pediatric populations is limited due to technical challenges.
  • There is a need to understand CE-MRA's utility in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the indications for CE-MRA in pediatric patients.
  • To outline the techniques used for CE-MRA in children.
  • To describe expected imaging findings in pediatric vascular disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of indications for CE-MRA in pediatric vascular disease.
  • Description of specific CE-MRA techniques applicable to children.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Making MR Imaging Child's Play - Pediatric Neuroimaging Protocol, Guidelines and Procedure
15:18

Making MR Imaging Child's Play - Pediatric Neuroimaging Protocol, Guidelines and Procedure

Published on: July 30, 2009

  • Discussion of time-resolved CE-MRA (TR-CE-MRA).
  • Inclusion of clinical case examples.

    • Main Results:

    • CE-MRA is feasible and beneficial in pediatric vascular disease evaluation.
    • Time-resolved CE-MRA offers broad clinical applications in this population.
    • Specific imaging findings are associated with various pediatric vascular conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • CE-MRA is an important diagnostic method for pediatric vascular disease.
    • Understanding specific techniques and findings enhances diagnostic accuracy.
    • TR-CE-MRA shows significant promise for pediatric applications.