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Use of In vivo Imaging to Monitor the Progression of Experimental Mouse Cytomegalovirus Infection in Neonates

Use of In vivo Imaging to Monitor the Progression of Experimental Mouse Cytomegalovirus Infection in Neonates

Published on: July 6, 2013

Cytomegalovirus cell tropism.

C Sinzger¹, M Digel, G Jahn

¹Institute of Medical Virology, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 6, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. christian.sinzger@med.uni-tuebingen.de

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

|July 22, 2008

Summary

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infects many cell types, influencing disease. Strain variations in the UL128-131 locus affect which cells, like endothelial and immune cells, HCMV can enter.

Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology

Background:

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) exhibits broad cellular tropism, infecting parenchymal, connective tissue, and hematopoietic cells.
Predominant replication occurs in epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the cellular targets of HCMV and their role in pathogenesis.
To investigate the genetic basis for HCMV strain-specific tropism, particularly for endothelial cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells.

Main Methods:

Analysis of HCMV cellular tropism across various human cell types.
Investigation of the UL128-131 gene locus and its encoded proteins in regulating viral entry and infectivity.

Main Results:

HCMV infection of epithelial cells facilitates inter-host transmission.

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Endothelial and hematopoietic cell infection promotes systemic spread; fibroblast and smooth muscle cell infection supports viral proliferation.

Strain-specific tropism for endothelial cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells is linked to UL128-131 locus variations.

Interstrain differences in endothelial and macrophage infectivity are mediated by viral entry mechanisms.

Conclusions:

The broad cell range of HCMV is a key factor in its pathogenesis.
The UL128-131 gene locus plays a critical role in determining HCMV strain tropism and infectivity through regulation of viral entry.