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Related Concept Videos

RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)02:30

Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster
09:39

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster

Published on: August 21, 2014

Chemical modification patterns compatible with high potency dicer-substrate small interfering RNAs.

Michael A Collingwood1, Scott D Rose, Lingyan Huang

  • 1Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc 1710 Commercial Park, Coralville, IA 52241, USA.

Oligonucleotides
|July 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chemically modifying 27-mer Dicer-substrate small interfering RNAs (DsiRNAs) can enhance RNA interference potency. A novel alternating 2'-O-methyl modification pattern maintains high potency, improves stability, and evades immune activation.

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Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids
09:04

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids

Published on: September 21, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster
09:39

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster

Published on: August 21, 2014

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids
09:04

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids

Published on: September 21, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Interference Therapeutics
  • Medicinal Chemistry

Background:

  • Dicer-substrate small interfering RNAs (DsiRNAs) are potent triggers of RNA interference (RNAi).
  • Chemical modifications enhance the potency and stability of 21-mer small interfering RNAs (siRNAs).
  • Modification patterns for DsiRNA duplexes remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and evaluate chemically modified 27-mer DsiRNAs.
  • To correlate specific modification patterns with functional potency in RNAi.
  • To identify modifications that maintain or enhance DsiRNA efficacy and stability.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a series of chemically modified 27-mer DsiRNAs.
  • Functional assessment of DsiRNA potency using RNA interference assays.
  • Evaluation of sequence context effects on modification pattern efficacy.
  • Testing of optimized DsiRNAs for innate immune system activation and serum stability.

Main Results:

  • Certain modification patterns significantly reduced DsiRNA function.
  • Other modification patterns maintained high functional potency.
  • The relative efficacy of modifications varied depending on sequence context.
  • An alternating 2 -O-methyl modification pattern demonstrated broad efficacy across different sites and genes.

Conclusions:

  • Chemical modifications can be tailored to optimize DsiRNA potency and function.
  • An alternating 2 -O-methyl modification pattern represents a promising strategy for developing potent and stable DsiRNA therapeutics.
  • This modification pattern offers advantages in terms of efficacy, immune evasion, and serum stability for RNAi applications.