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Related Concept Videos

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...
Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously renew...
Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:22

Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.

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A Three-dimensional Model of Spheroids to Study Colon Cancer Stem Cells
06:38

A Three-dimensional Model of Spheroids to Study Colon Cancer Stem Cells

Published on: January 22, 2021

Small intestinal stem cell markers.

Robert K Montgomery1, David T Breault

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital Boston, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Journal of Anatomy
|July 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Identifying intestinal stem cells is crucial for regenerative medicine. While Lgr5 is a promising marker, further validation of other potential intestinal stem cell markers is needed for therapeutic advancements.

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Intestinal stem cells maintain the small intestine's epithelium.
  • Prospective identification of these stem cells remains challenging.
  • Previous markers lack confirmed functional validation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current intestinal stem cell markers.
  • To discuss the need for functional validation.
  • To propose model systems for validating intestinal stem cells.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of proposed intestinal stem cell markers.
  • Analysis of validation methods, including lineage tracing and functional assays.
  • Discussion of indirect methods like label retention.

Main Results:

  • Several markers (Musashi-1, BMPR1alpha, etc.) have been proposed but not fully validated.
  • Lgr5 has recently been identified as an intestinal stem cell marker via lineage tracing.
  • Functional validation remains a critical unmet need.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate identification of intestinal stem cells is essential for regenerative medicine applications.
  • Lgr5 shows promise, but robust validation is key.
  • Developing functional assays is crucial for advancing the field.