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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
Seizures l: Introduction01:20

Seizures l: Introduction

Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...
Epilepsy ll: Types01:22

Epilepsy ll: Types

Recurrent seizures, stemming from abnormal electrical activity in the brain, are the defining characteristic of epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition. Because seizure features vary greatly, epilepsy is classified using two systems: by seizure type and by epilepsy syndromes. These classifications enable clinicians to describe seizure patterns and select suitable treatment strategies.I. Classification by Seizure Type1. Focal EpilepsyFocal epilepsy begins in one hemisphere of the brain.
Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
Seizures ll: Types01:19

Seizures ll: Types

Seizures are sudden bursts of abnormal electrical discharge in the brain that interfere with normal function. They are commonly divided into three groups: focal seizures, generalized seizures, and other types that do not fit neatly into either category.Focal SeizuresFocal seizures begin in a single brain region. When awareness is preserved, they are called focal aware seizures and may cause sensations such as tingling, unusual smells, or flashing lights. When awareness is impaired, they are...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists01:14

Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists

Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Electromagnetic Source Imaging in Presurgical Evaluation of Children with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
09:57

Electromagnetic Source Imaging in Presurgical Evaluation of Children with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy

Published on: September 20, 2024

Epilepsy and primary cerebral tumours.

C Kilpatrick1, A Kaye, P Dohrmann

  • 1Department of Neurology Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia.

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience : Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Seizures are common in patients with primary brain tumors, often appearing at diagnosis. For anaplastic astrocytoma, presenting with a seizure may indicate a longer survival prognosis.

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Investigating the Function of Deep Cortical and Subcortical Structures Using Stereotactic Electroencephalography: Lessons from the Anterior Cingulate Cortex
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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuro-oncology
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Epilepsy is a known complication of cerebral tumors, but incidence and pathology correlations vary.
  • Understanding seizure presentation and prognosis in primary brain tumors is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively assess seizure incidence, pathology relationships, epilepsy natural history, and prognostic significance in primary cerebral hemisphere tumors.
  • To analyze seizure occurrence in relation to specific tumor types like anaplastic astrocytoma and meningioma.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 120 adult patients with histologically confirmed primary cerebral hemisphere tumors.
  • Evaluation of seizure history at presentation, recurrence rates, and correlation with tumor pathology and survival outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 52% of patients experienced seizures, predominantly at presentation.
  • Seizures were more frequent in anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) than glioblastoma multiforme (p=0.001) and associated with cortical invasion.
  • 52% of meningioma patients had seizures; recurrence was higher in gliomas (19/46) than meningiomas (1/15).
  • Patients with AA presenting with seizures survived longer (28 months) compared to those without (8 months) (p=0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Seizures are a common complication of cerebral tumors, typically presenting at diagnosis and correlating with tumor type.
  • Presenting with a seizure in anaplastic astrocytoma is linked to improved survival, suggesting prognostic value.