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Microcanonical quantum fluctuation theorems.

Peter Talkner1, Peter Hänggi, Manuel Morillo

  • 1Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|July 23, 2008
PubMed
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This study generalizes work characteristic functions for quantum systems, enabling entropy measurement from work statistics. It introduces a new entropy-from-work theorem for experimental applications.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum thermodynamics
  • Statistical mechanics
  • Quantum information theory

Background:

  • Existing expressions for quantum work characteristic functions are limited to specific initial states and non-degenerate Hamiltonians.
  • Understanding work fluctuations is crucial for quantum thermodynamics and exploring the quantum-classical boundary.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generalize quantum work characteristic functions to arbitrary initial states and degenerate spectra.
  • To derive a fluctuation theorem for quantum work applicable to microcanonical initial states.
  • To establish an experimentally accessible entropy-from-work theorem.

Main Methods:

  • Generalization of characteristic function expressions for quantum work.
  • Formulation of explicit expressions for microcanonical initial states.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Derivation of a generalized fluctuation theorem and an entropy-from-work theorem.

    • Main Results:

    • Generalized expressions for the characteristic function of quantum work.
    • Explicit formulas for work characteristic function and probability density for microcanonical states.
    • A novel fluctuation theorem relating work probabilities to equilibrium state densities.
    • An entropy-from-work theorem for experimentally measuring system entropies.

    Conclusions:

    • The generalized framework expands the applicability of quantum work characteristic functions.
    • The derived fluctuation and entropy-from-work theorems offer new experimental avenues for thermodynamic measurements.
    • This work bridges theoretical quantum thermodynamics with practical experimental possibilities.