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A Microfluidic Model of Biomimetically Breathing Pulmonary Acinar Airways
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Microchannel technologies for artificial lungs: (2) screen-filled wide rectangular channels.

M C Kung1, J-K Lee, H H Kung

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.

ASAIO Journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
|July 23, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developing microchannel artificial lungs using screen-filled channels shows promise for efficient gas exchange. This approach achieves high oxygen flux and low blood prime, mimicking natural lung function for potential clinical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Artificial lungs aim to replicate natural lung function with numerous parallel microchannels.
  • Uniformity of these microchannels is a significant challenge in artificial lung development.
  • Microscale screens offer a potential solution for uniform support and stability within artificial lung channels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of screen-filled blood-side channels in microchannel artificial lungs.
  • To compare the performance of 40 micrometer and 82 micrometer screen-filled channels.
  • To assess oxygen flux, pressure drop, and blood prime requirements for artificial lung devices.

Main Methods:

  • Concept devices with single, screen-filled rectangular channels (40 µm and 82 µm screens) were fabricated.
  • Experiments utilized 30% hematocrit blood and oxygen or air as the gas source.
  • Oxygen flux and pressure drop were measured across the devices.

Main Results:

  • Oxygen fluxes ranged from 4 to 9 x 10⁻⁷ moles/(min x cm²), approaching theoretical membrane limits.
  • Measured pressure drops were between 1-6 mm Hg.
  • Extrapolation suggests a minimal blood prime (35 ml) for a 4 L/min artificial lung device.

Conclusions:

  • Screen-filled channels are a viable strategy for creating uniform microchannels in artificial lungs.
  • The tested artificial lung concepts demonstrate efficient gas transfer and low blood-side pressure drop.
  • These findings support the potential for developing artificial lungs with low blood prime volumes, mimicking natural lung efficiency.