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Calcium-binding proteins: an overview.

S Weinman1

  • 1Laboratoire de Biochimie, Paris, France.

Journal De Biologie Buccale
|March 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study identifies and characterizes two families of calcium-binding proteins, EF-hand homologs and annexins, crucial for cellular calcium responses. Understanding these calcium receptors advances knowledge of cellular signaling mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cellular responses to calcium are complex and mediated by various calcium receptors.
  • Over the past two decades, significant efforts have been made to identify and characterize these receptors.
  • Advances in structural biology have revealed two major families: EF-hand homologs and annexins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To understand the mechanisms of cellular responses mediated by calcium.
  • To identify and characterize calcium-binding proteins involved in cellular signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of amino acid sequences and protein three-dimensional structures.
  • Identification of conserved motifs like the EF-hand.
  • Characterization of protein families based on structural and sequence homology.

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Main Results:

  • Two major families of calcium-binding proteins were described: EF-hand homologs and annexins.
  • The EF-hand motif, characterized by a Ca(2+)-binding loop between two alpha helices, is found in over 160 proteins.
  • Annexins are membrane-binding proteins (35-67 kDa) with conserved internal repeats, suggesting similar structural domains.

Conclusions:

  • The EF-hand and annexin families represent key calcium-modulated proteins with diverse cellular functions.
  • EF-hand proteins, like calmodulin and troponin C, modulate enzyme activity.
  • Annexins exhibit calcium-dependent membrane binding, highlighting their role in cellular processes.