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Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
Published on: July 30, 2017
Synthesis, structural characterization, and catalytic behaviour in Heck coupling of palladium(II) complexes
Jiansheng Ye1, Wanzhi Chen, Daqi Wang
1Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Xixi Campus, Hangzhou 310028, P. R. China.
Abstract:
[Pd(L1)2(CH3CN)](PF6)2 (L1 = 1-n-butyl-3-(2-pyrimidyl)imidazolylidene, 3) and [Pd(L2)2](PF6)2 (L2 = 1-(2-picolyl)-3-(2-pyrimidyl)imidazolylidene 4), prepared via carbene transfer reactions of [Ag(L1)2]PF6 (1) and [Ag2(L2)2](PF6)2 (2) with palladium salts, respectively, have been fully characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The X-ray crystal structures of complexes 1-4 are reported. Complex 3 is an unusual pentacoordinated palladium complex, in which the palladium is coordinated by two imidazolylidene, two pyridine, and one acetonitrile molecule in a square-pyramidal geometry. The apical position is occupied by a pyrimidine nitrogen atom with a relatively long Pd-N distance (2.762(6) angstroms). Complex is a typical square-planar palladium complex with palladium surrounded by two pairs of cis-arranged pyridine and imidazolylidene ligands. The complexes exhibit good catalytic activities in the Heck coupling reaction of aryl bromides and activated aryl chlorides under mild conditions.
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