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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy01:16

Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy

The cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord offers a detailed view of its complex structure and function within the central nervous system. At the core of the spinal cord lies the gray matter, characterized by its butterfly or "H"-shaped appearance in cross-section. This central region is enveloped by white matter, with the overall structure divided into symmetrical halves by the dorsal median sulcus and the ventral median fissure.
Gray Matter and its Components
Central to the gray matter is...
Spinal Nerves: Anatomy01:23

Spinal Nerves: Anatomy

Spinal nerves are pivotal conduits in the nervous system, bridging the central nervous system (CNS) with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). These nerves enable a complex communication network between the brain, spinal cord, and the rest of the body, facilitating sensory input, motor output, and autonomic functions.
There are 31 bilateral pairs of spinal nerves, each emerging from the spinal cord through the intervertebral foramina—openings between adjacent vertebrae. These nerves are...
The Spinal Cord01:54

The Spinal Cord

The spinal cord is the body’s major nerve tract of the central nervous system, communicating afferent sensory information from the periphery to the brain and efferent motor information from the brain to the body. The human spinal cord extends from the hole at the base of the skull, or foramen magnum, to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra.
Spinal Nerves: Plexus II01:21

Spinal Nerves: Plexus II

The plexuses of the lower body include the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal plexuses, which innervate the abdomen, pelvis, legs, and coccygeal region. These plexuses control the transmission of sensory information and coordinate motor functions of the lower body.
The Lumbar Plexus
The lumbar plexus is situated within the lumbar region of the back and is primarily formed by the first four lumbar spinal nerves (L1 to L4). This plexus extends its branches into several nerves, including the...
Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy01:15

Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy

The spinal cord resides within the protective confines of the vertebral column. It is the main pathway for information traveling between the brain and the body. It plays a fundamental role in nearly all bodily functions, from simple reflexes to complex motor movements. The spinal cord begins at the medulla oblongata at the base of the brainstem and extends downward, terminating at the conus medullaris near the first and second lumbar vertebrae. The spinal cord's length in adults is...
Peripheral Nervous System: Ganglia and Nerves01:24

Peripheral Nervous System: Ganglia and Nerves

The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is a crucial component of the body's neural network, extending beyond the central nervous system (CNS) to bridge the gap between the CNS and the external environment. It encompasses nerves, ganglia, and sensory receptors.
Nerves
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Modified Spared Nerve Injury Surgery Model of Neuropathic Pain in Mice
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Microanatomical structure of the human sciatic nerve.

Ugrenovic Z Sladjana1, Jovanovic D Ivan, Stefanović D Bratislav

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Zorana Dindića Blvd 81, 18000, Nis, Serbia. sdugren@sbb.co.yu

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA
|July 24, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Aging increases connective tissue in the sciatic nerve (human body's largest peripheral nerve). This age-related change may affect surgical repair outcomes for injured nerves.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Anatomy
  • Histology

Background:

  • The sciatic nerve is the largest peripheral nerve, crucial for lower limb motor and sensory function.
  • Understanding its fascicular patterns and connective tissue is vital for clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the fascicular pattern of the human sciatic nerve.
  • To analyze microanatomic morphometric characteristics of its connective tissue sheaths in relation to aging.

Main Methods:

  • Histologic processing and light microscopic examination of sciatic nerve slices from 17 human cadavers (ages 8-93).
  • Morphometric analysis performed at 40x and 630x magnifications.

Main Results:

  • Sciatic nerve identified as polyfascicular with 27-70 fascicles/mm².
  • Significant increase in sciatic nerve cross-section area correlated with increased connective tissue sheaths (epi- and perineural).
  • Elderly individuals showed more interfascicular adipose tissue and increased endoneural connective tissue alongside nerve fiber degeneration.

Conclusions:

  • Human sciatic nerve exhibits age-related connective tissue enlargement.
  • This phenomenon may impact surgical repair outcomes for injured nerves.
  • Findings suggest a compensatory response to myelin loss, fiber vulnerability, and decreased tissue elasticity with age.