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Atrial fibrillation among older adults: pathophysiology, symptoms, and treatment

Sonya R Hardin1, James R Steele

  • 1School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA. srhardin@uncc.edu

Journal of Gerontological Nursing
|July 25, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Atrial fibrillation (AF), a common heart rhythm disorder in older adults, requires comprehensive nursing understanding for effective management. This article details AF pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment, emphasizing stroke prevention strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Geriatrics
  • Nursing

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia in the elderly population.
  • Numerous comorbidities, including hypertension, valvular heart disease, and pulmonary disease, are associated with AF.
  • Effective nursing care for older adults with AF necessitates understanding its pathophysiology, diagnostics, and treatment protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance nursing knowledge regarding atrial fibrillation in older adults.
  • To illustrate the management of new-onset atrial fibrillation and its complications through a case study.
  • To discuss pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies for managing AF and preventing thromboembolic events.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on atrial fibrillation pathophysiology, risk factors, and management.
  • Presentation of a clinical case example of an elderly male with new-onset atrial fibrillation.
  • Discussion of diagnostic data, treatment protocols, and adherence issues.

Main Results:

  • Atrial fibrillation poses a significant risk for stroke due to potential thromboembolism.
  • Comprehensive management involves understanding the condition's complexities and implementing tailored interventions.
  • Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches are crucial for effective AF patient care.

Conclusions:

  • Nurses play a vital role in managing older adults with atrial fibrillation, requiring in-depth knowledge.
  • Early recognition and appropriate interventions are key to preventing complications like stroke.
  • Holistic care strategies, including patient education and adherence support, improve outcomes for AF patients.

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