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Related Concept Videos

The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
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Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Isolation of Intermediate Filament Proteins from Multiple Mouse Tissues to Study Aging-associated Post-translational Modifications
09:29

Isolation of Intermediate Filament Proteins from Multiple Mouse Tissues to Study Aging-associated Post-translational Modifications

Published on: May 18, 2017

Trace elements and carrier proteins in the aged.

S Fimmel, M Borchelt, A Kage

    Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
    |January 1, 1994
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Serum trace element levels, like iron and zinc, change throughout the day in older adults. Time-specific reference values are crucial for accurate disease diagnosis and management.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Clinical Chemistry
    • Nutritional Science

    Background:

    • Serum trace elements are vital biomarkers for disease diagnosis and management.
    • Understanding factors influencing trace element levels, such as age, sex, and diurnal variations, is critical for accurate clinical interpretation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of age, sex, and diurnal rhythm on serum concentrations of copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) and their carrier proteins.
    • To establish whether diurnal variations affect serum levels of these trace elements and their binding proteins in the elderly.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of serum samples from 336 participants (aged 70-103 years) of the Berlin Aging Study (BASE).
    • Stratification of participants by age and sex to evaluate demographic influences.
    • Measurement of serum concentrations of Cu, Fe, Zn, ceruloplasmin, transferrin, and albumin.

    Main Results:

    • No significant diurnal variation was observed for carrier proteins: ceruloplasmin, transferrin, and albumin.
    • Age-related decline in these carrier proteins was not statistically significant.
    • Serum iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) levels showed a progressive decrease during the day.
    • While aged individuals exhibited decreased serum concentrations of Fe and Zn, diurnal variations were the most significant finding.

    Conclusions:

    • Diurnal variations significantly impact serum iron and zinc levels in the elderly.
    • Carrier protein levels show minimal age-related changes and no diurnal fluctuations.
    • Time-quantified reference values are recommended to prevent misinterpretation of clinical findings related to serum trace elements.