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Hyperactivity and the fragile X syndrome.

S Einfeld¹, W Hall, F Levy

¹Department of Psychiatry, University of Sydney, Australia.

Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology

|June 1, 1991

Summary

This study found no increased hyperactivity or aggression in Fragile X (fra(x)) Syndrome individuals compared to other individuals with intellectual disabilities. Controlled testing did not support a link between fra(x) Syndrome and these behaviors.

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Area of Science:

Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Behavioral Genetics
Clinical Psychology

Background:

Fragile X (fra(x)) Syndrome is a genetic disorder associated with intellectual disability.
Previous claims suggest a link between fra(x) Syndrome, hyperactivity, and aggression.
Controlled studies using standard diagnostic criteria are lacking for this association.

Purpose of the Study:

To conduct a controlled test of the hypothesis that individuals with fra(x) Syndrome exhibit higher rates of hyperactivity and aggression.
To compare fra(x) Syndrome individuals with matched controls with other intellectual disabilities.
To assess autistic behaviors in fra(x) individuals as part of a larger study.

Main Methods:

A sample of fra(x) Syndrome individuals was recruited from a clinical genetics unit.
Fra(x) cases were matched with control individuals with intellectual disabilities based on age, sex, and IQ.
Forty-five pairs were compared using criteria reflecting DSM-III concepts of hyperactivity and aggressive behavior.

Main Results:

No statistically significant difference in the prevalence of hyperactivity was found between the fra(x) group and the control group.
No statistically significant difference in the prevalence of aggressive behavior was found between the fra(x) group and the control group.
Statistical power analysis indicated the study was unlikely to miss a large to medium effect size.

Conclusions:

The study failed to find evidence supporting an association between Fragile X Syndrome and increased hyperactivity or aggression.
Controlled testing did not confirm previous claims of a link between fra(x) Syndrome and these behavioral symptoms.
Further research may be needed to explore potential behavioral phenotypes in fra(x) Syndrome, but this study refutes a direct link to hyperactivity and aggression.

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