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Precipitation and Co-precipitation

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Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...

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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is formed in...

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For solutions containing mixtures of different cations, the identity of each cation can be determined by qualitative analysis. This technique involves a series of selective precipitations with different chemical reagents, each reaction producing a characteristic precipitate for a specific group of cations. Metal ions within a group are further separated by varying the pH, heating the mixture to redissolve a precipitate, or adding other reagents to form complex ions.
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Preparation of Expanded Chitin Foams and their Use in the Removal of Aqueous Copper

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Published on: February 27, 2021

A simple method for removing chelated copper from wastewaters: Ca(OH)(2)-based replacement-precipitation.

Shuxian Jiang¹, Fenglian Fu, Junxiong Qu

¹School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.

|July 26, 2008

Summary

Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) effectively removes EDTA-chelated copper from wastewater via replacement-precipitation. Optimal conditions achieve over 99% removal, offering a cost-effective and efficient alternative to existing methods.

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Area of Science:

Environmental Chemistry
Water Treatment Technologies

Background:

Wastewater often contains challenging pollutants like EDTA-chelated copper.
Existing treatment methods may have drawbacks such as high cost or sludge production.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate a calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)-based replacement-precipitation process for removing EDTA-chelated copper from wastewater.
To determine the optimal conditions for efficient copper removal.
To compare the novel method with existing industrial practices.

Main Methods:

A Ca(OH)2-based replacement-precipitation process was employed.
The influence of initial pH, Ca(2+) to Cu(II) molar ratio, and CO2 presence on removal efficiency was studied.
Theoretical simulations were used for comparison.

Main Results:

The Ca(OH)2 process efficiently removed EDTA-chelated copper.
Optimal removal (>99%) was achieved at pH 12-13 and a Ca(2+):Cu(II) molar ratio ≥ 2.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) negatively impacted removal, but this was mitigated by polyacrylamide addition.

Conclusions:

The Ca(OH)2-based replacement-precipitation is a highly effective method for removing EDTA-chelated copper.
This method offers advantages over Fe(2+)-based techniques, including reduced sludge, lower costs, and improved efficiency and controllability.