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Related Concept Videos

Precipitation of Ions03:11

Precipitation of Ions

Predicting Precipitation
The equation that describes the equilibrium between solid calcium carbonate and its solvated ions is:
Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods01:17

Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods

Controlled-potential coulometry, also known as potentiostatic coulometry, employs a three-electrode system in which the working electrode's potential is precisely regulated using a potentiostat. Platinum working electrodes are utilized for positive potentials, while mercury pool electrodes are favored for extremely negative potentials. The platinum counter electrode is separated from the analyte using a membrane or salt bridge to avoid interference in the analysis.
The chosen potential ensures...
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
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Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview

In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then passed on to...
Precipitation and Co-precipitation01:17

Precipitation and Co-precipitation

Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
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Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences

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Nanoprecipitation-assisted ion current oscillations.

Matthew R Powell1, Michael Sullivan, Ivan Vlassiouk

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.

Nature Nanotechnology
|July 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Divalent cations in nanopores can cause oscillating ionic currents by forming and dissolving precipitates. This phenomenon offers new models for studying crystallization and developing stochastic sensors.

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Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone
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Published on: January 19, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nanoscale pores exhibit unique transport phenomena due to surface charges, differing from microscale pores.
  • These phenomena include altered ionic concentrations, selectivity, and rectification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a novel phenomenon of oscillating ionic current in nanopores.
  • To investigate the mechanism behind this oscillation and its potential applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a conical nanopore system.
  • Introducing divalent cations into a buffered monovalent ionic solution.
  • Monitoring ionic current under applied potential.

Main Results:

  • Observed oscillating ionic current upon addition of divalent cations.
  • Identified transient nanoprecipitate formation and redissolution as the cause.
  • Demonstrated regulation of oscillation by transmembrane potential and precipitate chemistry.

Conclusions:

  • Oscillating nanopores serve as models for nonlinear electrochemical processes and early-stage crystallization.
  • Nanopore systems exhibiting oscillations could be developed into stochastic sensors.