Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 3, 2026
06:10
Extrahepatic Bile Duct and Gall Bladder Dissection in Nine-Day-Old Mouse Neonates
Published on: August 23, 2022
Gastroschisis: clinical presentation and associations
Alasdair G W Hunter1, Roger E Stevenson
1Pediatrics at University of Ottawa.
Summary
Gastroschisis, a major birth defect, requires prompt surgery and specialized care. Prenatal diagnosis aids in planning optimal management for affected infants, improving outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology
- Pediatric Surgery
- Neonatology
Background:
- Gastroschisis is a significant congenital malformation involving abdominal wall defects.
- Immediate surgical intervention is critical for exposed viscera.
- Prenatal diagnosis is highly effective, enabling specialized care planning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the management of gastroschisis, including surgical and nutritional aspects.
- To discuss the significance of prenatal diagnosis and delivery planning.
- To review associated malformations and their impact on outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Prenatal diagnosis via mid-trimester ultrasound and maternal serum alphafetoprotein measurement.
- Immediate surgical repair to reposition exposed abdominal organs.
- Parenteral nutrition until oral feeding is established.
- Comprehensive evaluation for coexisting congenital anomalies.
Main Results:
- Gastroschisis is typically diagnosed prenatally, facilitating delivery at tertiary care centers.
- Approximately 10% of affected infants present with additional malformations.
- Associated defects include intestinal atresia, malrotation, cardiac, and limb anomalies.
- Increased fetal and neonatal mortality is observed, independent of lethal malformations.
Conclusions:
- Effective prenatal diagnosis of gastroschisis enables optimized neonatal management.
- Management involves prompt surgery, nutritional support, and thorough evaluation for comorbidities.
- While associated malformations increase complexity, they do not appear to be the primary drivers of mortality.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management
Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
Clinical Manifestations:
01:20Cholecystitis
Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...
01:28Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management
Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...
01:07Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology
Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
01:25Hiatal Hernia
A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or heavy...
01:22Appendicitis-I: Introduction
The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...